VOA慢速英语2019 IS组织头目被美军击毙

Islamic State Prepared for Life without Its Leader

The United States is promising¹ there will be no easing of its offensive against the Islamic State after the death of the group's leader.

美国承诺，在“伊斯兰国组织”领导人死后，美国不会放松对该组织的进攻。

U.S. officials say Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi was killed as part of a "dangerous" nighttime raid in northern Syria.

美国官员表示，巴格达迪在叙利亚北部一次“危险的”夜间突袭中被击毙。

Baghdadi took command of the group formerly² known as al-Qaida in Iraq in 2010. The Islamic State (IS) is also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, or ISIS.

2010年，巴格达迪接管了当时被称为“伊拉克基地组织”。“伊斯兰国”组织也被称为“伊拉克和大叙利亚伊斯兰国”（ISIS）。

President Donald Trump³ announced on Sunday that Baghdadi died "whimpering and crying" in a dead-end tunnel. His death shows America's "commitment to the...defeat of ISIS and other terrorist organizations," the president said.

美国总统特朗普周日宣布，巴格达迪在一条死胡同里“呜咽和哭泣”着死亡。特朗普表示，巴格达迪死亡表明美国“致力于击溃ISIS和其他恐怖组织”。

"We know the successors," he added. "And we already have them in our sights."

“我们了解接任人，”他补充说。“他们已经在我们的监视之下了。”

Efforts to find them may be helped by the raid on Baghdadi's camp in the Syrian province of Idlib. The raid led to the capture of a small number of Islamic State group officials and fighters.

对叙利亚伊德利卜省巴格达迪营地的突袭可能有助于发现他们。这次突袭行动抓获了“伊斯兰国”组织的一小部分官员和武装分子。

Trump said U.S. forces found "highly sensitive material and information... much having to do with ISIS, origins, future plans, things that we very much want."

特朗普表示，美军发现了“高度敏感的材料和信息……这些与ISIS、起源、未来计划以及我们非常想要的信息有很大关系。”

That information may have led to the death of Abu Hassan al-Muhajir, a spokesman for the group. The commander of the U.S.-supported Syrian Democratic Forces reported Sunday that he was targeted and killed in an operation in northern Syria.

这些信息可能导致了该组织发言人阿布·哈桑·穆哈伊尔(Abu Hassan al-Muhajir)的死亡。美国支持的叙利亚民主力量指挥官周日报告称，穆哈伊尔在叙利亚北部的一次行动中成为袭击目标并被击毙。

U.S. officials have yet to confirm reports of his death.

美国官员尚未证实有关他死亡的报导。

Islamic State: an adaptive, potent⁴ terror group

适应性强、强大的恐怖组织

Military and intelligence officials admit that finding and killing⁵ IS operatives has not been effective enough to stop the group. It has, however, severely⁶ limited its ability to strike at targets.

军方和情报官员承认，抓获并击毙“伊斯兰国”成员并不能有效地阻止该组织。然而，却可以严重限制其打击目标的能力。

At one point, in late 2015, officials said airstrikes by the U.S.-led coalition⁷ were killing one mid-level or senior-level IS leader every two days.

2015年末，官员们曾表示，以美国为首的联军发动的空袭每两天就击毙一名“伊斯兰国”的中层或高层领导人。

U.S. anti-terrorism officials later described some of those strikes as "significant blows."

美国反恐官员之后形容其中一些袭击是“重大打击”。

Yet, IS continues its campaign of terror, even as its self-declared caliphate collapsed⁸. As the Syrian city of Idlib fell to coalition forces, the group's leadership worked to create an active and growing resistance force.

然而，即使“伊斯兰国”自封的“哈里发”政权已经崩溃，但却仍在继续其恐怖活动。随着叙利亚城市伊德利卜落入联军之手，该组织的领导层致力于建立一支活跃且不断壮大的抵抗武装力量。

"ISIS is working (toward) an insurgency⁹ in Syria and Iraq" that is made of different groups in both countries, a U.S. official recently told VOA.

一名美国官员最近对美国之音表示，“伊斯兰国”组织正在叙利亚和伊拉克进行一场“由两国不同组织组成的”叛乱。

"The group is using these (groups) to undermine local governance and reconstruction¹⁰ efforts," said the official, who added that IS creates ethnic¹¹ and religious divisions to fuel unrest.

该官员表示：“‘伊斯兰国’组织利用这些组织破坏地方治理和重建工作。”他还指出，伊斯兰国制造种族和宗教分裂，以加剧动乱。

Baghdadi death

巴格达迪之死

Former U.S. Director of National Intelligence James Clapper describes the operation that killed Baghdadi as important because of its symbolic¹² value. But he added that Baghdadi's death alone will not destroy the terror group.

前美国国家情报总监詹姆斯·克拉珀（James Clapper）认为，击毙巴格达迪的行动之所以重要，是因为它具有象征意义。但他补充说，巴格达迪死亡并不能摧毁这一恐怖组织。

"ISIS has been more de-centralized and has groomed¹³ leaders for just this eventuality," Clapper told VOA.

克拉珀告诉美国之音：“‘伊斯兰国’组织变得更加分散，早已为这一不测培养好了接班人。”

Terrorism experts say there is growing evidence that suggests strikes like the one that killed Baghdadi are rarely death blows.

反恐专家认为，越来越多的证据表明，击毙巴格达迪这样的袭击很少能成为致命的打击。

"The death of a jihadist leader is always a dangerous moment for the group as it can lead to internal struggles," said Michael Horowitz. He is head of intelligence for Le Beck, a Middle East-based security company.

“圣战头目的死亡对该组织来说总是一个危机时刻，因为这可能引发内斗，”迈克尔·霍洛维茨(Michael Horowitz)说道。他是中东安全公司Le Beck的情报主管。

"[Al-Qaida leader Osama] bin¹⁴ Laden¹⁵ was replaced by his former number two, [Ayman] al-Zawahiri," he said, adding that the al-Qaida leader is still powerful.

他说：“本·拉登被曾经的二把手扎瓦希里取而代之。”他还说，基地组织头目的权力仍然很大。

Recent intelligence from the U.S. and other countries suggests Islamic State will easily survive without Baghdadi. While the group has lost its caliphate in Syria and Iraq, it still had an estimated 10,000 to 15,000 thousand fighters across those countries. Officials also believe it still has a lot of money, possibly up to $300 million.

最近来自美国和其他国家的情报显示，没有巴格达迪，“伊斯兰国”组织也会很容易生存。尽管该组织位于叙利亚和伊拉克的“哈里发”政权崩溃，但预计这些国家仍残留着约1万至1.5万名武装分子。官员们还认为，该组织仍掌握着大量资金，可能高达3亿美元。

And U.S. officials say IS has many of its trained fighters, moving them underground as it lost its Syrian base to U.S.-backed forces.

美国官员指出，“伊斯兰国”有许多训练有素的武装分子，在叙利亚的基地被美国占领后，他们将这些武装人员转移到地下。

"The group has tens of thousands of seasoned fighters and hundreds of leaders who have survived decades of war," said Bill Roggio. He is with the Washington-based Foundation for the Defense¹⁶ of Democracies.

“该组织有数万名经验丰富的武装分子以及数百名经历了数十年战争的领导人，”比尔·罗吉奥(Bill Roggio)说道。他就职于总部位于华盛顿的捍卫民主基金会。

U.S. officials have warned that IS has built itself in such a way that the loss of its caliphate had less effect on the group than many believed.

美国官员警告称，“伊斯兰国”组织建立政权的方式，即失去“哈里发”政权对“伊斯兰国”的影响比许多人认为的还小。

"The so-called ISIS caliphate has been destroyed, but the ISIS (name) lives on around the world," State Department Counterterrorism coordinator¹⁷ Nathan Sales said in August.

国务院反恐协调员内森·塞尔在8月份表示，“所谓的‘伊斯兰国哈里发’政权已经被摧毁，但是ISIS仍然存活于世界各个角落”。

1 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

2 formerly   

adv.从前，以前

参考例句：

• We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
• This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。

3 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

4 potent   

adj.强有力的，有权势的；有效力的

参考例句：

• The medicine had a potent effect on your disease.这药物对你的病疗效很大。
• We must account of his potent influence.我们必须考虑他的强有力的影响。

5 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

6 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。

7 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

8 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

9 insurgency   

n.起义；暴动；叛变

参考例句：

• And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中国，动乱甚至暴乱都普遍存在。 来自互联网
• Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是这一观点逆流的一部分。 来自互联网

10 reconstruction   

n.重建，再现，复原

参考例句：

• The country faces a huge task of national reconstruction following the war.战后，该国面临着重建家园的艰巨任务。
• In the period of reconstruction,technique decides everything.在重建时期，技术决定一切。

11 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

12 symbolic   

adj.象征性的，符号的，象征主义的

参考例句：

• It is symbolic of the fighting spirit of modern womanhood.它象征着现代妇女的战斗精神。
• The Christian ceremony of baptism is a symbolic act.基督教的洗礼仪式是一种象征性的做法。

13 groomed   

v.照料或梳洗（马等）( groom的过去式和过去分词 )；使做好准备；训练；（给动物）擦洗

参考例句：

• She is always perfectly groomed. 她总是打扮得干净利落。
• Duff is being groomed for the job of manager. 达夫正接受训练，准备当经理。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 bin   

n.箱柜；vt.放入箱内；[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件

参考例句：

• He emptied several bags of rice into a bin.他把几袋米倒进大箱里。
• He threw the empty bottles in the bin.他把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱。

15 laden   

adj.装满了的；充满了的；负了重担的；苦恼的

参考例句：

• He is laden with heavy responsibility.他肩负重任。
• Dragging the fully laden boat across the sand dunes was no mean feat.将满载货物的船拖过沙丘是一件了不起的事。

16 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

17 coordinator   

n.协调人

参考例句：

• The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, headed by the Emergency Relief Coordinator, coordinates all UN emergency relief. 联合国人道主义事务协调厅在紧急救济协调员领导下，负责协调联合国的所有紧急救济工作。
• How am I supposed to find the client-relations coordinator? 我怎么才能找到客户关系协调员的办公室？