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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Sidney Poitier, 1st Black Performer to Win Best Actor Oscar Dies
Sidney Poitier, the first Black actor to win an Oscar for a best acting1 performance, has died. He was 94.
Poitier won the best actor Oscar in 1964 for Lilies of the Field. His performance changed how Blacks were presented in the movies. It also inspired a generation of actors during the civil rights movement in the 1960s.
Before Poitier, most Black actors were only given supporting parts in the movies. Hollywood filmmakers rarely attempted to tell a Black person's story.
In 1967, Poitier was the leading actor in three Hollywood movies in the United States.
In Guess Who's Coming to Dinner he played a Black doctor who wishes to marry a young white woman. In In the Heat of the Night he was Virgil Tibbs, a Black police officer dealing2 with racism3 during a murder investigation4. He also played a teacher in a London school that year in To Sir, With Love.
Messages and honors
Messages honoring and mourning Poitier flooded social media after the announcement of his death from the Ministry5 of Foreign Affairs in the Bahamas.
Whoopi Goldberg wrote on Twitter: "He showed us how to reach for the stars." Tyler Perry added on Instagram: "The grace and class that this man has shown throughout his entire life, the example he set for me, not only as a Black man but as a human being will never be forgotten." And musician Lenny Kravitz wrote that Poitier "showed the world that with vision and grace, all is possible."
Poitier's rise as an actor was similar to changes in the U.S. in the 1950s and 1960s. He played the escaped Black prisoner who befriends a racist6 white prisoner in The Defiant7 Ones. He was the office worker who falls in love with a white girl who could not see in A Patch of Blue. He was a worker in Lilies of the Field who builds a religious center for nuns8. And he was the young father whose dreams clashed with those of other family members in Lorraine Hansberry's A Raisin9 in the Sun.
Debates about racial issues in Hollywood often turn to the story of Poitier. For years, he was not just the most popular Black movie star, but the only one.
"I made films when the only other Black on the lot was the shoeshine boy," he told Newsweek in 1988. "I was kind of the lone10 guy in town."
In 2009, President Barack Obama awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Obama said that the actor "not only entertained but enlightened...revealing the power of the silver screen to bring us closer together."
Poitier's part in Hollywood is often compared to Jackie Robinson who broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball. He was also compared to Martin Luther King Jr. who led the civil rights movement. But Poitier also faced discrimination from whites and accusations11 of compromise from the Black community.
In 1967, Black playwright12 Clifford Mason wrote in The New York Times, "Why Does White America Love Sidney Poitier So?" Mason called the actor a pawn13 for the "white man's sense of what's wrong with the world."
Poitier had a hard time finding housing in Los Angeles, California. And he was followed by the Ku Klux Klan, a white supremacist group, when he visited Mississippi in 1964, not long after three civil rights workers had been murdered there.
Early life
Poitier was born in Miami, where his parents had gone to bring tomatoes from their farm in the Bahamas. He spent his early years on the island before moving to Miami and then to New York City.
After a short time in the army, Poitier returned to look for a dishwasher job in the Harlem neighborhood of New York when he saw an advertisement seeking actors at the American Negro Theater. Poitier had never seen a play in his life and could barely read his lines. The director sent him away.
He later told the Associated Press; he was so angry he decided14: "‘I'm going to become an actor — whatever that is. I don't want to be an actor, but I've got to become one to go back there and show him that I could be more than a dishwasher.' That became my goal."
Poitier then made a deal to clean the theater in return for acting lessons. In 1950, Poitier received his first movie part in No Way Out. He played a doctor whose patient, a white man, dies and is then mistreated by the patient's brother.
In 2002, Poitier received a special honorary Oscar on the same night two other Black actors won best acting awards – Denzel Washington for Training Day and Halle Berry for Monster's Ball.
Washington, who had earlier presented the honorary award to Poitier, said during his acceptance speech: "I'll always be following in your footsteps. There's nothing I would rather do, sir, nothing I would rather do."
Words in This Story
inspire –v. to make (someone) want to do something; to give (someone) an idea about what to do or create
grace –n. a controlled, polite, and pleasant way of behaving
entertain –v. to perform for people by singing, acting or some similar performance
revealing –adj. giving information about something that was not known before
pawn –n. a person or group that does not have much power and that is controlled by a more powerful person or group
1 acting | |
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的 | |
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2 dealing | |
n.经商方法,待人态度 | |
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3 racism | |
n.民族主义;种族歧视(意识) | |
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4 investigation | |
n.调查,调查研究 | |
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5 ministry | |
n.(政府的)部;牧师 | |
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6 racist | |
n.种族主义者,种族主义分子 | |
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7 defiant | |
adj.无礼的,挑战的 | |
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8 nuns | |
n.(通常指基督教的)修女, (佛教的)尼姑( nun的名词复数 ) | |
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9 raisin | |
n.葡萄干 | |
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10 lone | |
adj.孤寂的,单独的;唯一的 | |
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11 accusations | |
n.指责( accusation的名词复数 );指控;控告;(被告发、控告的)罪名 | |
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12 playwright | |
n.剧作家,编写剧本的人 | |
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13 pawn | |
n.典当,抵押,小人物,走卒;v.典当,抵押 | |
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14 decided | |
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的 | |
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