VOA时事新闻2023 COP28达成历史性协议

COP28达成历史性协议

Nearly 200 countries agreed on Wednesday to move away from using planet-warming fossil fuels.

周三，近200个国家同意停止使用导致全球变暖的化石燃料。

The deal came after two weeks of intense negotiations¹ at the 2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference, also known as COP28.

该协议是在2023年联合国气候变化大会（即第二十八届联合国气候变化大会）上进行了两周的紧张谈判后达成的。

World leaders gathered in Dubai for the meeting.

世界各国领导人齐聚迪拜参加此次会议。

The agreement was meant to send a powerful message that the world is united in its desire to break with fossil fuels.

该协议旨在发出一个强有力的信息，即全世界在停止使用化石燃料的愿望上是团结一致的。

Scientists say the agreement is the last best hope to prevent climate catastrophe².

科学家表示，该协议是防止气候灾难的最后希望。

But nations have not always followed climate agreements made in the past.

但各国并不总是遵守过去达成的气候协议。

COP28 President Sultan al-Jaber called the deal "historic."

第二十八届联合国气候变化大会主席苏尔坦·贾比尔称这项协议是“历史性的”。

He added that its true success would be in taking action.

他补充说，真正的成功在于采取行动。

"We are what we do, not what we say," he said. "We must take the steps necessary to turn this agreement into... actions."

他说：“行动改变现状。我们必须采取必要措施，将这项协议转化为……行动。”

Norway's Minister of Foreign Affairs Espen Barth Eide said, "It is the first time that the world unites around such a clear text on the need to transition away from fossil fuels."

挪威外交大臣埃斯彭·巴尔斯·艾德说：“这是世界第一次因为这样一个明确的文本而团结起来，讨论过渡远离化石燃料的必要性。”

More than 100 countries had pushed for strong language in the COP28 agreement to "phase out" oil, gas, and coal use.

100多个国家推动在第二十八届联合国气候变化大会协议中使用强硬措辞，“逐步停止使用”石油、天然气和煤炭。

However, they faced powerful opposition³ from the Organization of Petroleum⁴ Exporting Countries (OPEC).

然而，他们遭到了石油输出国组织的强烈反对。

The organization controls nearly 80 percent of the world's proven oil reserves as well as about one-third of worldwide oil output.

该组织控制着全球已探明石油储量的近80%以及全球约三分之一的石油产量。

The group, led by Saudi Arabia, said the world can cut emissions⁵ without rejecting specific fuels.

以沙特阿拉伯为首的该组织表示，世界可以在不拒绝特定燃料的情况下减少排放。

That dispute had some observers worried that an agreement would not come together.

这场争议让一些观察人士担心无法达成该协议。

The lead negotiator for the Alliance of Small Island States, Anne Rasmussen, criticized the deal as not strong enough.

小岛屿国家联盟首席谈判代表安妮·拉斯穆森批评该协议不够有力。

But she did not officially object to the agreement.

但她并未正式反对该协议。

Her speech in Dubai drew a standing⁶ applause that lasted nearly two minutes.

她在迪拜的演讲赢得了听众起立鼓掌长达近两分钟。

Danish Minister for Climate and Energy Dan Jorgensen noted⁷ one reason the deal was impressive.

丹麦气候和能源大臣丹·约根森指出了该协议令人印象深刻的一个原因。

"We're standing here in an oil country, surrounded by oil countries, and we made the decision saying let's move away from oil and gas," he said.

他说：“我们正站在一个石油国家，周围都是石油国家，我们做出了这样的决定：让我们远离石油和天然气。”

The deal does not call for "phasing out" fossil fuels.

该协议并未要求“逐步停止使用”化石燃料。

It calls for "transitioning away" from fossil fuels to reach "net zero by 2050 in keeping with the science."

它呼吁各国过渡远离化石燃料，以便在2050年实现“与科学相符的净零排放”。

In some ways, that language describes what is already happening.

在某种程度上，这种语言描述了已经发生的事情。

Some governments have enacted⁸ policies in recent years to move to a greener economy.

近年来，一些政府制定了向绿色经济转型的政策。

Europe and the United States have retired⁹ some coal-fired power plants.

欧洲和美国已经关闭了一些燃煤发电厂。

And many countries have policies meant to increase sales of electric vehicles.

许多国家都出台了旨在增加电动汽车销量的政策。

The deal calls on governments to move even faster in several areas.

该协议呼吁各国政府在一些领域采取更快的行动。

They include increasing renewable energy by three times by 2030, speeding up efforts to reduce coal use, and developing technologies such as carbon capture.

其中包括到2030年将可再生能源增加三倍，加快减少使用煤炭的推进力度以及开发碳捕获等技术的速度。

German climate diplomat¹⁰ Jennifer Morgan said there was not much difference between "phasing out" and "transitioning away."

德国气候外交官珍妮弗·摩根表示，“逐步淘汰”和“过渡远离”之间没有太大区别。

She said, "I think the ‘phase-out' was about sending a clear signal.

她说：“我认为‘逐步淘汰’发出的是一个明确的信号。

And I think the 'just transition away from' is a way of phrasing the phase-out" for poorer nations who cannot act as quickly as richer ones.

我认为，对于那些不能像富裕国家那样迅速采取行动的较贫穷国家来说，‘过渡远离’是‘逐步淘汰’的一种措辞。

Li Shuo of the Asia Society told the Associated Press that when the two phrases are translated into Mandarin¹¹ or Japanese, there is almost no difference.

亚洲协会的李硕告诉美联社，当这两个短语被翻译成普通话或日语时，几乎没有区别。

The Reuters news agency reported that a source familiar with Saudi Arabia's position described the deal as "a menu where every country can follow its own pathway."

据路透社报道，一位熟悉沙特立场的消息人士称，该协议为“每个国家提供了一个菜单，以便让他们走自己的过渡道路”。

1 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

2 catastrophe   

n.大灾难，大祸

参考例句：

• I owe it to you that I survived the catastrophe.亏得你我才大难不死。
• This is a catastrophe beyond human control.这是一场人类无法控制的灾难。

3 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

4 petroleum   

n.原油，石油

参考例句：

• The Government of Iran advanced the price of petroleum last week.上星期伊朗政府提高了石油价格。
• The purpose of oil refinery is to refine crude petroleum.炼油厂的主要工作是提炼原油。

5 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

6 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

7 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

8 enacted   

制定（法律），通过（法案）( enact的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• legislation enacted by parliament 由议会通过的法律
• Outside in the little lobby another scene was begin enacted. 外面的小休息室里又是另一番景象。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹

9 retired   

adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的

参考例句：

• The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
• Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。

10 diplomat   

n.外交官，外交家；能交际的人，圆滑的人

参考例句：

• The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.那位外交官插进一个笑话，紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
• He served as a diplomat in Russia before the war.战前他在俄罗斯当外交官。

11 Mandarin   

n.中国官话，国语，满清官吏；adj.华丽辞藻的

参考例句：

• Just over one billion people speak Mandarin as their native tongue.大约有十亿以上的人口以华语为母语。
• Mandarin will be the new official language of the European Union.普通话会变成欧盟新的官方语言。