VOA常速英语2021--美俄延长《新削减战略武器条约》

Next, an editorial reflecting the views of the United States government. Among his first actions in office, President Joe Biden proposed a five-year extension of the New START Treaty, the last remaining nuclear arms control agreement between the United States and Russia. The treaty is set to expire on February 5. In their first phone call, President Biden and Russian President Vladimir Putin discussed their countries’ willingness to extend New START, and they agreed to have their teams “work urgently to complete the extension by February 5,” the White House said in a January 26 readout of the call. The day after the two presidents spoke¹, both houses of the Russian parliament voted unanimously to extend the treaty for five years. The New START treaty was signed in 2010 by President Barack Obama and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev. It limits each country to 1550 deployed² nuclear warheads and 700 deployed missiles and bombers³, and 800 deployed and non-deployed ICBM and SLBM launchers and bombers. It also allows for extensive on-site inspections⁴ to verify compliance⁵. White House Spokesperson Jen Psaki noted⁶ in a briefing to reporters that “New START is the only remaining treaty constraining⁷ Russian nuclear forces and is an anchor of strategic stability between our two countries.”

以下是一篇反映美国政府政策立场的社论。拜登总统建议将《新削减战略武器条约》这个美国与俄罗斯之间仅存的核武控制条约延长五年，这是他上任后采取的首批行动之一。该条约计划于2月5日到期。拜登总统与俄罗斯总统普京的第一次通话中讨论了两国延长《新削减战略武器条约》的意愿。白宫1月26日介绍本次通话内容时说，他们同意让各自团队“紧急工作，在2月5日前完成条约的延长。”两位总统通话的第二天，俄罗斯联邦议会两院一致表决通过将条约延长五年。《新削减战略武器条约》是奥巴马总统与俄罗斯总统梅德韦杰夫在2010年签署的。该条约规定美俄两国各自部署的核弹头不得超过1550枚，部署的导弹和轰炸机不得超过700个，部署与非部署的洲际弹道导弹、潜射弹道导弹发射器和轰炸机的数量不得超过800个。条约同时允许相互进行现场检查，以核实条约是否得到执行。白宫发言人莎琪在例行记者会上说，“《新削减战略武器条约》是约束俄罗斯核力量的唯一仅存条约，也是我们两国之间战略稳定的根基。”

Pentagon Press Secretary John Kirby said that Russia’s compliance with the New START treaty “has served our national security interests well, and Americans are much safer with New START intact and extended.” He added, “Extending the treaty’s limitations on stockpiles of strategic nuclear weapons until 2026 allows time and space for our two nations to explore new verifiable arms control arrangements that could further reduce risks to Americans.” The United States remains⁸ clear-eyed about the challenges Russia presents, however, and the potential for arms control to contend with China’s rapidly growing nuclear arsenal⁹. In the call with President Putin, besides discussing the extension of the New START, President Biden raised several destabilizing actions on Russia’s part, including its threats to Ukraine’s sovereignty; the SolarWinds cyber hack¹⁰ that compromised companies and U.S. government agencies; interference in the 2020 U.S. election; reports of Russia’s placing bounties¹¹ on U.S. soldiers in Afghanistan; and the poisoning of Russian dissident Aleksey Navalny. President Biden told reporters, “I find that we can both operate in the mutual¹² self-interest of our countries, as a new START agreement, and make it clear to Russia that we are very concerned about their behavior.” That was an editorial reflecting the views of the United States government.

国防部发言人柯比表示，俄罗斯对《新削减战略武器条约》的遵守“十分符合我们国家安全利益的需要，《新削减战略武器条约》保持不变并得到延长会极大提高美国人的安全。”柯比并指出，“通过条约将战略核武器库存的限制延长到2026年，让我们两国有时间和空间来探讨新的可核查的军控条约，以进一步降低美国人面临的危险。”但美国依然清楚意识到俄罗斯构成的挑战，以及未来可能通过军备控制来应对中国快速发展的核力量。拜登总统在与普京总统的通话中除了讨论延长《新削减战略武器条约》之外，还提到了俄罗斯几个破坏稳定的行动，包括俄罗斯对乌克兰主权的威胁；对公司和美国政府机构发动的太阳风网络攻击；对2020年美国选举的干预；俄罗斯悬赏杀害美国驻阿富汗军人的报道；对俄罗斯异议人士纳瓦尔尼下毒等。拜登总统对记者说，“我发现我们通过一个《新削减战略武器条约》，双方能够本着我们两国的彼此自我利益来运作，同时又对俄罗斯明确指出，我们对他们的行为感到非常关切。”这是一篇反映美国政府政策立场的社论。

1 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

2 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

3 bombers   

n.轰炸机( bomber的名词复数 )；投弹手；安非他明胶囊；大麻叶香烟

参考例句：

• Enemy bombers carried out a blitz on the city. 敌军轰炸机对这座城市进行了突袭。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The Royal Airforce sill remained dangerously short of bombers. 英国皇家空军仍未脱离极为缺乏轰炸机的危境。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 inspections   

n.检查( inspection的名词复数 )；检验；视察；检阅

参考例句：

• Regular inspections are carried out at the prison. 经常有人来视察这座监狱。
• Government inspections ensure a high degree of uniformity in the standard of service. 政府检查确保了在服务标准方面的高度一致。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 compliance   

n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从

参考例句：

• I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我对他竟然依从了这些条件而感到吃惊。
• She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她顺从他的愿望而放弃自己的主意。

6 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

7 constraining   

强迫( constrain的现在分词 )； 强使； 限制； 约束

参考例句：

• He was constraining his mind not to wander from the task. 他克制着不让思想在工作时开小差。
• The most constraining resource in all of these cases is venture capital. 在所有这些情况下最受限制的资源便是投入资本。

8 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

9 arsenal   

n.兵工厂，军械库

参考例句：

• Even the workers at the arsenal have got a secret organization.兵工厂工人暗中也有组织。
• We must be the great arsenal of democracy.我们必须成为民主的大军火库。

10 hack   

n.劈，砍，出租马车；v.劈，砍，干咳

参考例句：

• He made a hack at the log.他朝圆木上砍了一下。
• Early settlers had to hack out a clearing in the forest where they could grow crops.早期移民不得不在森林里劈出空地种庄稼。

11 bounties   

（由政府提供的）奖金( bounty的名词复数 )； 赏金； 慷慨； 大方

参考例句：

• They paid bounties for people to give up their weapons. 他们向放下武器的人发放赏金。
• This foundation provided bounties of more than 5 million last year. 去年该基金会赠款达五百万元以上。

12 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。