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Step by Step2000 第二册UnIt 7 For the Glory of Sport(Ⅰ)

时间:2010-12-02 03:03来源:互联网 提供网友:meme882   字体: [ ]
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Tape-script:

Part I Warming up

A

.Women competed in Olympic events for the first time in Paris in 1900.

.In 1924, the first Winter Games were held in Chamonix.

.In 1932, the first Olympic village was built to accommodate2 athletes in Los Angeles.

.In 1936 in Berlin TV cameras broadcast Olympic events for the first time.

.The 1956 Olympics in Melbourne were the first Olympic Games to be held in the southern hemisphere3.

.Tokyo hosted the first Asian Olympics in 1964.

.In 1972 for the first time, over one billion TV viewers watched the Munich Olympic opening ceremony.

B.

Tapescript.

IOC stands for International Olympic Committee, which governs the Olympics in general. It was founded in Paris on 23 June 1894. Its headquarters are in the Swiss city of Lausanne. Its official languages are English and French. IOC members come from five different continents -- Africa, America, Asia, Europe and Oceania. They choose Olympic cities six years in advance.

All the Olympic movement's rules are contained in a book called The Olympic Charter4.

There's an Olympic Museum and Studies Center in Lausanne. It contains posters, documents, medals, books, photos, paintings, films and sculptures.

The International Olympic Academy is a special center at Olympia in Greece. People involved in sport go there every summer to study the Olympic movement's history, ideals and future.

C.

Q1 Why are they called "the Olympic Games"?

first held/Olympia/Greece

Q2 How long do the Summer Games last?

Approx. 2 weeks

Q3 There are Winter Games too, aren't there?

1924/ since then/ same years/ Summer/ after 1992/ between

Q4 What do the five circles on the Olympic flag represent?

five continents/ blue, black, red, yellow, green, white/ national flag

Q5 When did the tradition of the Olympic flame begin?

flame/ancient Games/modern Games/1928/symbol/-perfection5 & victory/Olympia

Q6 All Olympic athletes have to be amateurs6, don't they?

yes/no money/only medals

Q7 What happens at the Opening Ceremony?

display/ host country/ flame lit/ flag raised/ Olympic oaths/opened by monarch7 or political leader

Q8 What's the motto of the Olympic movement?

faster, higher, stronger

Tapescript.

Q1 Why are they called "the Olympic Games"?

Because they were first held at a place called Olympia in

ancient Greece (until 393 AD). There have been two

Olympic eras -- ancient and modern. The modern era began

in 1896.

Q2 How long do the Summer Games last?

Approximately two weeks.

Q3 There are Winter Games too, aren't there?

Yes. They began in 1924. Since then they had always been

held in the same years as the Summer Games. After 1992,

they took place between Summer Games.

Q4 What do the five circles on the Olympic flag represent?

They stand for the five continents. Each circle is a different color- blue, black, red, yellow and green (all against a white background). Every national flag in the world contains one or more of these six colors.

Q5 When did the tradition of the Olympic flame begin?

There was always a flame at the ancient Games, but it wasn't included in modern Games until 1928 (in Amsterdam). The flame is a symbol of a search for perfection and victory. It's lit at Olympia from the rays of the sun. Then it's carried to the Games by a series of runners (or sometimes by air for part of the journey). It burns in the stadium from start to finish at every Olympics.

Q6 All Olympic athletes have to be amateurs, don't they? Yes. Nobody wins any money -- only medals. That's because the most important thing at the Olympic Games is not to win but to take part.

Q7 What happens at the Opening Ceremony?

There's a huge display of song, dance and music by people from the host country.

The flame is lit.

The Olympic flag is raised and one athlete says these words: "In the name of all competitors, I promise that we will take part in the Olympic Games, respecting and abiding8 by the rules which govern them, in the spirit of sportsmanship for the glory of sport and the honor of our teams. '

The Games are officially opened by the host country's monarch or political leader.

Q8 What's the motto of the Olympic movement?

"Citius, altius, fortius' which is Latin for "Faster, higher, stronger. '

Part II Sydney 2000

Tape-script:

A

The world's most famous sports event is the Olympic Games. Five million people are expected to attend the Summer Olympic Games this year in Sydney, Australia. They include leaders and officials from many countries. About 15,000 reporters are there. More than 3,000 million people are expected to watch the Games on television.

More than 10,000 athletes from 200 countries will compete in 28 different sports in the Summer Games. They will be trying to win medals -- gold for first, silver for second and bronze for third -- in about 300 events. New additions to the Summer Olympics this year include synchronized9 diving, women's weight lifting, trampoline, women's pole vault10 and the triathlon.

The 2000 Summer Olympic Games will end October 1st, after 16 days of competition. The next Summer Games will be held 4 years from now, in Athens, Greece.

Another international sports event will take place in Sydney following the Summer Olympics. The Paralympic Games will be held from October 18th to 29th. All the athletes who compete in the Paralympics have a physical disability. About 4,000 disabled athletes will compete this year.

The Summer Olympic and the Winter Olympic Games used to be held in the same year, every 4 years. Now, however, they are separated. The next Winter Games are less than 2 years away. The western American city of Salt Lake City, Utah is busy preparing for the Winter Olympics of 2002.

B

Tapescript.

Three members of the same American family will compete in Sydney. Hazel Clark, Jearl Miller-Clark and Joetta ClarkDiggs are all members of the track and field team. Hazel and Joetta are sisters. Jearl is married to their brother, J.J. Clark. He is the coach for all three women.

It is unusual for members of the same family to compete in the Olympics. But it has been done. Jackie Joyner-Kersee and her brother's wife Florence Griffith Joyner both competed in past Olympics. But they did not compete in the same event.

The Clarks do. They all compete in the 800 meter women's foot race. Hazel Clark is the youngest in the Clark family of runners. She was the fastest in the Olympic trials. Her brother's wife, Jearl Miller-Clark, was second. Jearl has already won medals in two earlier Olympic Games. Joetta Clark-Diggs finished third. She is the oldest, at thirty-seven.

That was the first time three family members finished first, second and third in the same United States Olympic trials race. And this will be the first time three Americans competing in one Olympic race are from one family. Many people will be watching the 800 meter race to see if the three members of the Clark family can win all three medals.

One American athlete who will compete in the Summer Olympics is already a Paralympics champion. Her name is Maria Runyan. She won the 100, 200 and 400 meter races and the long jump at the 1992 Paralympics. She also won the pentathlon competition in 1996. This year, she will become the first legally blind athlete in the Summer Olympic Games.

Marla Runyan suffers from an incurable11 eye problem. She has been legally blind since she was nine years old. She has been taking part in track events since she was in high school.

Maria Runyan will compete in the women's 1,500 meter foot race at the Sydney Games. She says her goal was not to be the first legally blind Olympian. She just wanted to take part in the Olympics. But her story has helped other disabled people find the strength to try to reach their goals. And Maria Runyan says that makes her feel very good.

Statements:

1. The Clark family is the first American family of which three members will compete in one Olympic race.

2. Hazel Clark is the faster in the Clark family of runners. She has already won medals in earlier Olympic events.

3. Maria Runyan will be the first legally blind athlete in the Summer Olympic Games.

4. Maria Runyan will take part in the women's long jump and 1,500 meter foot race at the Sydney Olympic Games.

5. Many disabled people are greatly encouraged by Maria Runyan's story.

Part III News from the Olympics

A

Fighting Against Drug Use

Punishment for those using drugs:

before an event -- banned from the competition

after winning an event -- losing the medal

Measurements taken by IOC to intensify12 the campaign:

testing more Olympic athletes more often than ever

Difficulty in finding the drugs:

drugs -- leaving the body in just a few hours

increased urine production hiding the presence of banned drugs

Examples of some banned drugs:

Possible dangers mused13 by banned drugs:

thickening the blood

causing an enlarged heart

damaging the reproductive system

causing death

Tapescript:

Over the next two weeks, 10,000 athletes from 200 countries will compete in the Summer Games in Sydney, Australia. They will try to live by the Olympic saying, "Faster, higher, stronger.' But in the world of sports, experts say too many athletes use performance - improving drugs to reach these goals.

The International Olympic Committee says drug use risks the health of athletes and violates14 the rules of sport. If an athlete fails a drug test before an event, he or she is banned from the competition. Athletes who fail a test after winning an event lose their medals.

This year, the IOC says it is testing more Olympic athletes more often than ever.

The International Olympic Committee bans six kinds of substances and three methods of increasing performance. One group of banned drugs is anabolic steroids. These substances increase muscle strength. Experts say that some fast-acting steroids now leave the body in just a few hours. That makes them extremely difficult to find.

Another banned drug is known as EPO. Erythropoietin increases the production of red blood cells. Officials at the Sydney Olympics are testing for EPO for the first time this year. But experts say the officials may not find any if an athlete stopped taking the drug about a week before the Games began.

Another banned substance is human growth hormone15, which builds muscle size and strength. Others increase the production of red blood cells. They also increase urine production, which can hide the presence of banned drugs.

Many of these banned substances are dangerous. They can thicken the blood, cause an enlarged heart, or damage the reproductive system. They can even kill.

B.

Tapescript:

The Olympics in Sydney, Australia, is being called the first environmentally-friendly Games in history. Olympic organizers and environmental groups are trying to protect the environment during the Summer Games. Organizers say they hope these environmental efforts will be an example for other large sporting events.

Seven years ago, Sydney competed with other cities to hold the Olympics. Sydney won the Games.

Olympic organizers have reached many of their goals. They are saving energy by increasing the use of solar power. They built structures with materials that can be treated and used again. Half of all water used during the Games comes from rainwater. And people are using buses and modern trains instead of cars to get to the Games. Even the historic16 Olympic Torch has become cleaner.

Almost 3,000 people are involved in removing waste products 24 hours a day from the area of the games. A large amount of the waste material is being reused. Paper containers for holding food are made of a cornstarch material that breaks down in the environment. This waste will be taken to a giant worm farm to be eaten by worms.

Environmental activists17 are praising the use of energy from the sun for houses in the Olympic village. Athletes are staying in them during the Games. Organizers say they hope to repeat their environmental efforts at future Olympic Games.

Listen to the following statements you have learned in the previous and present units.Pay special attention to the parts in bold type.Learn to appreciate and use the language.

1.to reduce the spread of(a virus/a disease)

Health experts say washing your hands reduces the spread of viruses and other organisms that cause disease.

Experts say hand washing is the simplest and most effective way to reduce the spread of infectious18 diseases.

2.to be blamed on...

In assition, millions of food poisoning cases each year are blamed on people who prepare food who do not wash their hands.

The spread of infections often is blamed on health workers who do not wash their hands after treating patients.

3.to have the chance of developing...

Researchers say one out of ten persons in the world has the chance of developing a major depression at some time.

4.to vent1 one's anger on/upon...

I use any excuse to vent my anger on anybody.

Sleepless19 nights, I'm full of anger and my anger does not ebb20 away unless I use a thing or somebody to vent it upon.

5.from start to finish

It burns in the stadium from start to finish at every Olympics.

6.in the name of.../to abide21 by.../in the spirit of...

In the name of all competitors, I promise that we will take part in the Olympic Gamesm, respecting and abiding by the rules which govern them, in the spirit of sportsmanship for the glory of sport and the honor of our teams.

7.to break down in the environment

Paper containers for holding food are made of a cornstarch material that breaks down in the environment.


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 vent yiPwE     
n.通风口,排放口;开衩;vt.表达,发泄
参考例句:
  • He gave vent to his anger by swearing loudly.他高声咒骂以发泄他的愤怒。
  • When the vent became plugged,the engine would stop.当通风口被堵塞时,发动机就会停转。
2 accommodate HJNyt     
vt.容纳,向...提供住处,使适应,顺应
参考例句:
  • You should soon accommodate yourself to the new circumstance.你应尽快适应新环境。
  • Are there enough shelves to accommodate all our books?有足够的书架容纳我们所有的书吗?
3 hemisphere xy4yd     
n.半球,半球地图
参考例句:
  • This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.这种动物只有在南半球才能找到。
  • In most people,the left hemisphere is bigger than the right.多数人的左脑比右脑大。
4 charter HrvzK     
n.特许状,执照,宪章;v.特许,发给特许执照
参考例句:
  • This new law amounts to a tax evader's charter.这项新法律简直成了为逃税者开的许可证。
  • We will charter a steamer to convey the goods.我们将租一艘船运送这批货物。
5 perfection GMKxd     
n.尽善尽美,无比精确
参考例句:
  • Their works reach to a great height of perfection.他们的作品到了极完美的境地。
  • The picture wants something of perfection.这幅画还有些不够完美。
6 amateurs 17846c005a598007703d4e169157c596     
n.业余爱好者( amateur的名词复数 );外行,生手
参考例句:
  • The tournament is open to both amateurs and professionals. 这次锦标赛业余选手和职业选手均可参加。
  • The boss kissed the other performers off as mere amateurs. 老板认为其他的演员只有业余水平而把他们打发掉了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 monarch l6lzj     
n.帝王,君主,最高统治者
参考例句:
  • The monarch's role is purely ceremonial.君主纯粹是个礼仪职位。
  • I think myself happier now than the greatest monarch upon earth.我觉得这个时候比世界上什么帝王都快乐。
8 abiding uzMzxC     
adj.永久的,持久的,不变的
参考例句:
  • He had an abiding love of the English countryside.他永远热爱英国的乡村。
  • He has a genuine and abiding love of the craft.他对这门手艺有着真挚持久的热爱。
9 synchronized f6dbc93312ac2dd66d3989fc9050167f     
同步的
参考例句:
  • Do not use the synchronized keyword in Managed Objects. 不要在管理对象上使用synchronized关键字。 来自互联网
  • The timing of the gun was precisely synchronized with the turning of the plane's propeller. 风门的调速与飞机螺旋桨的转动精确同步。 来自辞典例句
10 vault 3K3zW     
n.拱形圆顶,地窖,地下室
参考例句:
  • The vault of this cathedral is very high.这座天主教堂的拱顶非常高。
  • The old patrician was buried in the family vault.这位老贵族埋在家族的墓地里。
11 incurable incurable     
adj.不能医治的,不能矫正的,无救的;n.不治的病人,无救的人
参考例句:
  • All three babies were born with an incurable heart condition.三个婴儿都有不可治瘉的先天性心脏病。
  • He has an incurable and widespread nepotism.他们有不可救药的,到处蔓延的裙带主义。
12 intensify S5Pxe     
vt.加强;变强;加剧
参考例句:
  • We must intensify our educational work among our own troops.我们必须加强自己部队的教育工作。
  • They were ordered to intensify their patrols to protect our air space.他们奉命加强巡逻,保卫我国的领空。
13 mused 0affe9d5c3a243690cca6d4248d41a85     
v.沉思,冥想( muse的过去式和过去分词 );沉思自语说(某事)
参考例句:
  • \"I wonder if I shall ever see them again, \"he mused. “我不知道是否还可以再见到他们,”他沉思自问。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • \"Where are we going from here?\" mused one of Rutherford's guests. 卢瑟福的一位客人忍不住说道:‘我们这是在干什么?” 来自英汉非文学 - 科学史
14 violates 05527bb6855ae7f53cbf1865ce5b4b05     
亵渎( violate的第三人称单数 ); 违反; 侵犯; 强奸
参考例句:
  • Anyone who violates law and discipline must firmly be slapped down. 对于任何违法乱纪的人都必须坚决予以打击。
  • The country violates the international agreements. 那个国家违背了国际协议。
15 hormone uyky3     
n.荷尔蒙,激素,内分泌
参考例句:
  • Hormone implants are used as growth boosters.激素植入物被用作生长辅助剂。
  • This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body.这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
16 historic AcNxw     
adj.历史上著名的,具有历史意义的
参考例句:
  • This is a historic occasion.这是具有重大历史意义的时刻。
  • We are living in a great historic era.我们正处在一个伟大的历史时代。
17 activists 90fd83cc3f53a40df93866d9c91bcca4     
n.(政治活动的)积极分子,活动家( activist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
  • Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》
18 infectious I7jx1     
adj.传染的,有传染性的,有感染力的
参考例句:
  • Influenza is an infectious disease.流感是一种传染病。
  • What an infectious laugh she has!她的笑声多么具有感染力啊!
19 sleepless oiBzGN     
adj.不睡眠的,睡不著的,不休息的
参考例句:
  • The situation gave her many sleepless nights.这种情况害她一连好多天睡不好觉。
  • One evening I heard a tale that rendered me sleepless for nights.一天晚上,我听说了一个传闻,把我搞得一连几夜都不能入睡。
20 ebb ebb     
vi.衰退,减退;n.处于低潮,处于衰退状态
参考例句:
  • The flood and ebb tides alternates with each other.涨潮和落潮交替更迭。
  • They swam till the tide began to ebb.他们一直游到开始退潮。
21 abide UfVyk     
vi.遵守;坚持;vt.忍受
参考例句:
  • You must abide by the results of your mistakes.你必须承担你的错误所造成的后果。
  • If you join the club,you have to abide by its rules.如果你参加俱乐部,你就得遵守它的规章。
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