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Step by Step 2000 第二册UnIt 8 For the Glory of Sport(Ⅱ)

时间:2010-12-02 03:09来源:互联网 提供网友:jb0047   字体: [ ]
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Part I Warming up

Tape-script:

A

What is the most popular sport in the United States? That may be an impossible question to answer. There are different meanings of the words "most popular."

One way to measure the popularity of a sport is by the number of people who pay to watch it played by professional teams. Experts say the most popular American sport by that measure is baseball. Each professional baseball team plays 162 games every season.

Or the popularity of a sport can be measured by the number of people who watch games on television or listen on the radio. Then the answer might be American football.

And the popularity of a sport could be measured by the number of people who play the sport instead of just watch it. The answer, in this case, is the game people in the United States call soccer. It says more than 18 million people play soccer in the United States.

B

Tapescript:

Right, everybody. Stand up straight. Now bend forward and down to touch your toes- and up -- and down -- and up. Arms by your sides. Raise your right knee as high as you can. Hold your leg with both hands and pull your knee back against your body. Keep your backs straight. Now lower your leg and do the same with your left knee -- up -- pull towards you -- and down. Move your feet further apart,' bend your elbows, and raise your arms to shoulder level. Squeeze your fists tightly in front of your chest. Now push your elbows back- keep your head up! And relax ... Feet together, and put your hands on your hips1. Now bend your knees and stretch your arms out in front of you. Hold that position -- now up. Stretch your arms out to the sides at shoulder height, palms up. Rotate your arm in small circles- that's right -- and now the other way. Now stand with your hands clasped behind your neck and your legs apart. Bend over to the left, slowly, but as far as you can. And slowly up. And down to the right. And up. OK -- if we're all warmed up now, let's begin!

A.key words:neighbors football match fans trouble large crowds

vocabulary:affectionate/aggressive/knockout /smash/monster/terrace/rugby/Wimbledon

Tapescript:

1.M:I have neighbors who,who are very nice,friendly,warm,affectionate people,and I live near a football ground,Tottenham,and on Saturday I avoid them,because they come back from the match about 6 o'clock,7 o'clock drunk,aggressive--they scream,they shout,and...After the World Cup Fi-,after the World Cup when England got knocked out, I was in my local pub and they came in and they started pushing people around and smashing glasses,and I was really frightened and I walked out, and I don't understand, I really don't understand what it is about a football match that can turn ordinary, friendly people into monsters.

2.JE:But do you think that's so of a lot of football fans?I mean,I've heard other people say they've gone to football matches and there's been absolutely no trouble in the terraces at all,and people have been...sat there, you know,quite happily,opposing teams next to each other.

J:Oh but it obviously does happen a lot. I mean, you see it on the news.What happens when British fans go to Europe? There's always trouble,isn't there?

M:Well, but it's ,it's not...it's ...In Brazil,for example, where I've also been to football matches,people go to enjoy themselves,and there's no aggression2 or violence, or...there's nothing like that.It seems peculiarly, it seems particular to England and a few other countries that football provides people with the opportunity to show their most violent, aggressive natures.

3.A:But perhaps it's just a function of people getting together in crowds, large groups of people getting into enclosed spaces together.

J:But large crowds go to other kinds of matches--go to rugby matches, go to Wimbledonto watch tennis...

M:Go to pop concerts...

J:If they go to Wimbledon to watch tennis, they sit there silently throughout.

A:Yes,but it's interesting that one of the solutions that the police have, think might work is to have all-seater matches, for example, where everybody's seated...

B

key words:sport goodwill3 competitive win mimic4 warfare5 attitude

vocabulary:cricket/inclination6/orgy/deduce/utmost/patriotism7/disgrace/combative8/instinct/mimic/warfare/spectator/absurd/at any rate/virtue9

Tapescript;

I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common people of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield. Even if one didn't know from concrete examples(the 1936 Olympic Games,for instance) that international sporting contests led to orgies of hatred10, one could deduce it from general principles.

Nearly all the sports practiced nowadays are competitive. You play to win, and the game has little meaning unless you do your utmost to win. On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise:but as soon as the question of prestige arises, as soon as you feel you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage11 combative instincts are aroused. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this. At the international level, sport is frankly12 mimic warfare. But the significant thing is not the behavior of the players but the attitude of the spectators;and, behind the spectators,of the nations who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, and seriously believe--at any rate for short periods--that running, jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue.

Part III Extracurricular activities

A.

Outline

I. The speaker's self-introduction

A. occupation: a secondary school teacher

B. involvement in extracurricular activities

1. primarily in the sports field

2. supporting many of the other areas

II. Extracurricular activities offered in the school

A. sporting activities

1. an inter-school activity

2. an intramural activity

B. the music program

1. two parts

a. band

b. chorus/choir13

2. advantage: good for the students' personal development

3. specialty14 groups

a. jazz band b. jazz singers

C. other extracurricular activities

1. a math club 2. a science club 3. an annual club 4. a newspaper club 5. an outdoors club 6. a chess club 7. a cooking club

III The reasons why these extracurricular activities are offered

A. helping15 students fill their time in a positive way

B. helping students build skills which may be used for their future vocation16

C. providing fun and enjoyment17

1. for teachers, in sponsoring the activities

2. for students, in participating the activities

B. Tapescript.

It is my pleasure today to tell you a little bit about extracurricular activities at the secondary school level in British Columbia.

I have been teaching in the town of Cotney, a small town of about 10,000 people, 130 miles north of Victoria on Vancouver Island. I've been teaching at the junior secondary level, Grades 7, 8 and 9 and as well (as) the senior secondary level, Grades 10, 11 and 12.

My involvement in extracurricular activities has been quite broad, primarily in the sports field, but also in supporting many of the other areas in the school. But let me get into specifics about what kinds of things are offered in our schools here.

We have two different kinds of sporting activities. One of them is what we call an inter-school activity where one school competes against another. And that level of sport is reserved just for the elite18 athletes of the school, the very good athletes. We also have an intramural program, which means within the walls of the school so that every student in the school is invited to participate. It is, it's focused largely on participation19 and many of our students do participate. We have over 60 percent of our student body involved in our intramural program.

But let me not focus just on sports. There is another very large area of extracurricular activity in the music program. The music program is broken into two main parts. One is band and one is chorus. Chorus is also known as choir. But most often we refer to it as chorus. We encourage many students to be involved in music, but it is a choice for them, it isn't compulsory20. But we feel that being involved in music is very good for the personal development of our students, so we encourage it very much. There are some specialty groups as well. There is a jazz band. There are jazz singers.

There are a host of other extracurricular activities. And I'I1 just run through a list... We have a math club in our school, we have a science club, we have an annual club, we have a newspaper club, we have an outdoors club, we have a chess club, and we have a cooking club.

That sums up the list of activities. But I should tell you why we offer these extracurricular activities. Many of our students come to school on buses. Seventy percent of our students travel by bus. Only 30 percent can walk to school that are close enough to walk. They really look for activities to fill their time in a positive way before their bus comes each evening. And sometimes they get to school an hour before classes begin in the morning, so they need to fill their time positively21 without just hanging around. And these extracurricular activities help fill that time in a very positive way. As well as filling time, they are actually building skills, the skills which can sometimes be used for their vocation later on. And last but not least is the sheer fun and enjoyment. The teachers have fun sponsoring the activities and the students have fun participating. Extracurricular activities are a very important and enjoyable part of all of our school day.

Statements:

1. There are about 100,000 residents in the town of Cotney. F

2. The speaker only teaches the senior secondary school students. F

3. Only the excellent athletes of the school can take part in the inter-school activities. T

4. All students have to be involved in the music program offered in the school. F

5. Only 30 percent of the students can go to school on foot. T

Part III Extracurricular activities

A.

Outline

I. The speaker's self-introduction

A. occupation: a secondary school teacher

B. involvement in extracurricular activities

1. primarily in the sports field

2. supporting many of the other areas

II. Extracurricular activities offered in the school

A. sporting activities

1. an inter-school activity

2. an intramural activity

B. the music program

1. two parts

a. band

b. chorus/choir

2. advantage: good for the students' personal development

3. specialty groups

a. jazz band b. jazz singers

C. other extracurricular activities

1. a math club 2. a science club 3. an annual club 4. a newspaper club 5. an outdoors club 6. a chess club 7. a cooking club

III The reasons why these extracurricular activities are offered

A. helping students fill their time in a positive way

B. helping students build skills which may be used for their future vocation

C. providing fun and enjoyment

1. for teachers, in sponsoring the activities

2. for students, in participating the activities

B. Tapescript.

It is my pleasure today to tell you a little bit about extracurricular activities at the secondary school level in British Columbia.

I have been teaching in the town of Cotney, a small town of about 10,000 people, 130 miles north of Victoria on Vancouver Island. I've been teaching at the junior secondary level, Grades 7, 8 and 9 and as well (as) the senior secondary level, Grades 10, 11 and 12.

My involvement in extracurricular activities has been quite broad, primarily in the sports field, but also in supporting many of the other areas in the school. But let me get into specifics about what kinds of things are offered in our schools here.

We have two different kinds of sporting activities. One of them is what we call an inter-school activity where one school competes against another. And that level of sport is reserved just for the elite athletes of the school, the very good athletes. We also have an intramural program, which means within the walls of the school so that every student in the school is invited to participate. It is, it's focused largely on participation and many of our students do participate. We have over 60 percent of our student body involved in our intramural program.

But let me not focus just on sports. There is another very large area of extracurricular activity in the music program. The music program is broken into two main parts. One is band and one is chorus. Chorus is also known as choir. But most often we refer to it as chorus. We encourage many students to be involved in music, but it is a choice for them, it isn't compulsory. But we feel that being involved in music is very good for the personal development of our students, so we encourage it very much. There are some specialty groups as well. There is a jazz band. There are jazz singers.

There are a host of other extracurricular activities. And I'I1 just run through a list... We have a math club in our school, we have a science club, we have an annual club, we have a newspaper club, we have an outdoors club, we have a chess club, and we have a cooking club.

That sums up the list of activities. But I should tell you why we offer these extracurricular activities. Many of our students come to school on buses. Seventy percent of our students travel by bus. Only 30 percent can walk to school that are close enough to walk. They really look for activities to fill their time in a positive way before their bus comes each evening. And sometimes they get to school an hour before classes begin in the morning, so they need to fill their time positively without just hanging around. And these extracurricular activities help fill that time in a very positive way. As well as filling time, they are actually building skills, the skills which can sometimes be used for their vocation later on. And last but not least is the sheer fun and enjoyment. The teachers have fun sponsoring the activities and the students have fun participating. Extracurricular activities are a very important and enjoyable part of all of our school day.

Statements:

1. There are about 100,000 residents in the town of Cotney. F

2. The speaker only teaches the senior secondary school students. F

3. Only the excellent athletes of the school can take part in the inter-school activities. T

4. All students have to be involved in the music program offered in the school. F

5. Only 30 percent of the students can go to school on foot. T

Part IV Short talks on listening skills

Represent the Ideas Clear and Clean

-- Outlining

Outlining is a method of classifying and organizing ideas. It is a skill very useful to language learners when they are taking lecture notes, reading, or writing a paper.

In listening, the skill of outlining reflects, to a certain extent, the listener's ability in understanding how the facts or ideas, or the scattered22 pieces of information are related to one another.

People generally use a system of Roman numerals, Arabic numbers, and letters to show relationships. There is a kind of standard form for using these symbols to show which ideas are most important. The symbols used, in order of decreasing importance, are Roman numerals (I. II. HI .... ), capital letters (A. B. C .... ), Arabic numbers (1. 2. 3 .... ), small letters (a. b. c .... ), and numbers in parentheses23 [(1) (2) (3) ... 3].

The placement of the topics on paper is also important. The most important items are entered farther to the left. Lesser24 items are entered farther and farther to the right. Headings of equal importance are indented25 the same distance from the left margin26. The purpose of this indentation is to make each idea easy to see and also to show just how it is related to the ideas before and after it.

No punctuation27 is needed at the end of an idea unless it is written as a complete sentence.

Outlining, as a fairly comprehensive and effective method in language learning, certainly deserves our attention and practice, particularly for advanced listeners.

 


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 hips f8c80f9a170ee6ab52ed1e87054f32d4     
abbr.high impact polystyrene 高冲击强度聚苯乙烯,耐冲性聚苯乙烯n.臀部( hip的名词复数 );[建筑学]屋脊;臀围(尺寸);臀部…的
参考例句:
  • She stood with her hands on her hips. 她双手叉腰站着。
  • They wiggled their hips to the sound of pop music. 他们随着流行音乐的声音摇晃着臀部。 来自《简明英汉词典》
2 aggression WKjyF     
n.进攻,侵略,侵犯,侵害
参考例句:
  • So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结,就不必惧怕外来侵略。
  • Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。
3 goodwill 4fuxm     
n.善意,亲善,信誉,声誉
参考例句:
  • His heart is full of goodwill to all men.他心里对所有人都充满着爱心。
  • We paid £10,000 for the shop,and £2000 for its goodwill.我们用一万英镑买下了这家商店,两千英镑买下了它的信誉。
4 mimic PD2xc     
v.模仿,戏弄;n.模仿他人言行的人
参考例句:
  • A parrot can mimic a person's voice.鹦鹉能学人的声音。
  • He used to mimic speech peculiarities of another.他过去总是模仿别人讲话的特点。
5 warfare XhVwZ     
n.战争(状态);斗争;冲突
参考例句:
  • He addressed the audience on the subject of atomic warfare.他向听众演讲有关原子战争的问题。
  • Their struggle consists mainly in peasant guerrilla warfare.他们的斗争主要是农民游击战。
6 inclination Gkwyj     
n.倾斜;点头;弯腰;斜坡;倾度;倾向;爱好
参考例句:
  • She greeted us with a slight inclination of the head.她微微点头向我们致意。
  • I did not feel the slightest inclination to hurry.我没有丝毫着急的意思。
7 patriotism 63lzt     
n.爱国精神,爱国心,爱国主义
参考例句:
  • His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
  • They obtained money under the false pretenses of patriotism.他们以虚伪的爱国主义为借口获得金钱。
8 combative 8WdyS     
adj.好战的;好斗的
参考例句:
  • Mr. Obama has recently adopted a more combative tone.奥巴马总统近来采取了一种更有战斗性的语调。
  • She believes that women are at least as combative as are.她相信女性至少和男性一样好斗。
9 virtue BpqyH     
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力
参考例句:
  • He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
  • You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。
10 hatred T5Gyg     
n.憎恶,憎恨,仇恨
参考例句:
  • He looked at me with hatred in his eyes.他以憎恨的眼光望着我。
  • The old man was seized with burning hatred for the fascists.老人对法西斯主义者充满了仇恨。
11 savage ECxzR     
adj.野蛮的;凶恶的,残暴的;n.未开化的人
参考例句:
  • The poor man received a savage beating from the thugs.那可怜的人遭到暴徒的痛打。
  • He has a savage temper.他脾气粗暴。
12 frankly fsXzcf     
adv.坦白地,直率地;坦率地说
参考例句:
  • To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说,我一点也不赞成这个主意。
  • Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说,我不反对改革。
13 choir sX0z5     
n.唱诗班,唱诗班的席位,合唱团,舞蹈团;v.合唱
参考例句:
  • The choir sang the words out with great vigor.合唱团以极大的热情唱出了歌词。
  • The church choir is singing tonight.今晚教堂歌唱队要唱诗。
14 specialty SrGy7     
n.(speciality)特性,特质;专业,专长
参考例句:
  • Shell carvings are a specialty of the town.贝雕是该城的特产。
  • His specialty is English literature.他的专业是英国文学。
15 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
16 vocation 8h6wB     
n.职业,行业
参考例句:
  • She struggled for years to find her true vocation.她多年来苦苦寻找真正适合自己的职业。
  • She felt it was her vocation to minister to the sick.她觉得照料病人是她的天职。
17 enjoyment opaxV     
n.乐趣;享有;享用
参考例句:
  • Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同,我们这次访问更加愉快了。
  • After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话,这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。
18 elite CqzxN     
n.精英阶层;实力集团;adj.杰出的,卓越的
参考例句:
  • The power elite inside the government is controlling foreign policy.政府内部的一群握有实权的精英控制着对外政策。
  • We have a political elite in this country.我们国家有一群政治精英。
19 participation KS9zu     
n.参与,参加,分享
参考例句:
  • Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
  • The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。
20 compulsory 5pVzu     
n.强制的,必修的;规定的,义务的
参考例句:
  • Is English a compulsory subject?英语是必修课吗?
  • Compulsory schooling ends at sixteen.义务教育至16岁为止。
21 positively vPTxw     
adv.明确地,断然,坚决地;实在,确实
参考例句:
  • She was positively glowing with happiness.她满脸幸福。
  • The weather was positively poisonous.这天气着实讨厌。
22 scattered 7jgzKF     
adj.分散的,稀疏的;散步的;疏疏落落的
参考例句:
  • Gathering up his scattered papers,he pushed them into his case.他把散乱的文件收拾起来,塞进文件夹里。
23 parentheses 2dad6cf426f00f3078dcec97513ed9fe     
n.圆括号,插入语,插曲( parenthesis的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Irregular forms are given in parentheses . 不规则形式标注在括号内。
  • Answer these questions, using the words in parentheses. Put the apostrophe in the right place. 用句后括号中的词或词组来回答问题,注意撇号的位置。 来自《简明英汉词典》
24 lesser UpxzJL     
adj.次要的,较小的;adv.较小地,较少地
参考例句:
  • Kept some of the lesser players out.不让那些次要的球员参加联赛。
  • She has also been affected,but to a lesser degree.她也受到波及,但程度较轻。
25 indented bqKz7f     
adj.锯齿状的,高低不平的;缩进排版
参考例句:
  • His voyage was down Chile's indented coastline.他的航行沿智利参差曲折的海岸线行进。
  • Each paragraph of the body is usually indented five blocks.正文每段开始,一般缩进五个英文字母。
26 margin 67Mzp     
n.页边空白;差额;余地,余裕;边,边缘
参考例句:
  • We allowed a margin of 20 minutes in catching the train.我们有20分钟的余地赶火车。
  • The village is situated at the margin of a forest.村子位于森林的边缘。
27 punctuation 3Sbxk     
n.标点符号,标点法
参考例句:
  • My son's punctuation is terrible.我儿子的标点符号很糟糕。
  • A piece of writing without any punctuation is difficult to understand.一篇没有任何标点符号的文章是很难懂的。
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